digital batteries

The main form of cellular damage to the battery plate sulfation irreversible. The basic characteristics of the battery when the Laptop battery has a capacity for a long period of minimum needs, the board very crystals of lead sulfate will merge, eventually leading to plaque vulcanization. Under the conditions of the current base station, resulting in the direct cause of vulcanization There are several.

1.1 Load floating down

There are many base stations, maintenance personnel were not according to specifications, according to the manufacturer requested that the float voltage set to 52.7V, an average of 2.20V / month. In this charging voltage, due to valve battery back-EMF above 2.19V / a, once the landfill, although there “was sufficient” link, but with a float voltage of 0.01V efficient pricing, loss of capacity is not possible to load circuit was added. Many people believe that float voltage difference of less than 1V there are no major effect on the capacity, should distinguish between the table of voltage command displays the name of the closet Um charging voltage, the actual output of the IBM ThinkPad R51 battery voltage Us, and effective charge difference of tension between the three Uy a basic concept. EMF-based batteries Uf is the relationship between these parameters are:

Uy = Us-UF

For example, the voltage meter shows 54V Um, the whole battery of practices we are 53V, the battery back-EMF is Uf is 51.6V, the charging voltage of the battery Uy effective 53-51.6 = 1.4V.

Only a review of this concept, it means May float voltage below 1V small fluctuations, it will keep the battery capacity of the underlying causes of the considerable influence.

From Figure 1 we can see the curve of charging batteries, 500Ah battery discharge after the float voltage of 2.23V, the capacity can be quickly restored to 66%. Under the conditions of the float in the 2.29V, the corresponding value is 75%. This means that the discharge of the battery capacity fully restored need many days to complete.

Having a base station, the battery installed in the exchange, after a power failure after the time power is independent of 8 hours, 2nd time was 6 hours, 3rd is 4 o’clock. The share of users is the result of poor quality batteries. Instead, this example illustrates the lack thereof will result in a Dell Inspiron 1525 battery to retain the capacity reduction in the structural capacity of the battery can not charge and discharge cycles three times, but fell by 50%.

The base station is valid for the charging voltage is 1.4V. The voltage drop of 0.4V, the charging effects will be reduced by 30%.

Table 1.2 shows the high voltage.

Control cabinet table shows the high voltage is often the case, defenders under the control panel of this table shows the value of the adjustable float voltage, if the spectacle of high K, the battery must be the real float charging voltage on low K Check the ark of the digital voltmeter belonging to measuring devices, measurement tools, management must be calibrated on a regular basis. Talking about here is the tension “and the actual display calibration voltage,” not now remotely operate a float level adjustment of tension. “This work is now maintenance procedures did not apply. Many technical staff do not even know these two are totally different concepts of technical content. Ark of the control voltage show that is to pass the total hp 346970-001 battery voltage analog circuit is converted to 5V below the weakening of the signal to be the computer to recognize. The process of converting analog circuit produce attenuation bias, this part of the detour is necessary calibration and eliminated. Therefore, we use a multimeter require regular calibration and maintenance of technical standards is now no maintenance requirements in this regard is the need to introduce additional criteria for the content. 240 base stations in the survey itself, a control panel of display bias voltage to 0.9V.

1.3 to adapt to low voltage.

Some manufacturers of batteries, the battery is stated on the box, the battery charge voltage of 2.20V to work, “which is to deceive the user. Some staff management in accordance with the “factory requirements, the base station float voltage regulated to this value, resulting in a wide range of batteries are ensuring that there is state capacity. Manufacturers of batteries such a provision is to protect the interests of the factory battery in the float low voltage conditions, water loss from the battery to the less positive grid corrosion is small, the battery will be prolonged. Manufacturers Battery can not bear to maintain capacity due to low, resulting in “off station” ’s liability, but does not engage in the state of the VGP-BPS13 battery is charging less than the liability for damage caused by polymerization.

1.4 behind the battery backup for high EMF

The batteries in series, if one behind the battery, battery back-EMF is increased, the average voltage of 2.23V battery pack, can sometimes be detected by a single voltage of 2.60V. In this state, the control panel in the computer detects the charging voltage was increased, yet there is no battery to a predetermined capacity, they have been wrongly identified as “a been filled to a predetermined value, put the load current, leading to charge less than the actual state of operation of the battery, it happens often. A number of base stations, the two batteries in parallel. In parallel, under conditions of use, the cost of current distribution imbalance occurs, such harm is a way of accelerating development.

1.5 After dehydration against electrolyte, the electric potential and the increased density of condensed

The toshiba PA3421U-1BRS battery is losing the use of water, but do not reduce sulfate density of the electrolyte to increase the battery back-EMF Uf upward, battery back-EMF and density dependence of the relationship between the value of d is:

Uf = 0.85 + d

EMF is a direct consequence of the increase in real decline charging voltage. The end result is charging enough. In the float conditions, the battery must be a true no-load back-EMF voltage and current-voltage and polarization. Bias voltage and intensity are directly related.

Battery water loss is inevitable, the higher the temperature, the rapid loss of water. Commonly called “temperature of 10 ℃, the life expectancy reduced by half,” the law, the actual increase was mainly due to the temperature of the water caused by acceleration lost; temperature increase caused by the Corrosion is secondary. In Luoyang recharge the battery of 30 base stations, the statistical average for each refill 500Ah batteries 800mL, reaching the level of the plant. The calculation shows that compensation of overtime before the electrolyte density, condensed from 1.30 to 1.37g / cm 3, and anti-electric potential to rise to 2.22V. In fact, do not measure such a high electromotive force is due to some of sulfuric acid has been converted into lead sulfate consumed. In the charging voltage of 2.20V, so that apple MacBook Pro 15 inch battery power can be added. Pay on time, not only to protect the battery to run quality, but the real life of the battery in the south of the original 2-year to five years or more, if not rapidly lost battery of additional water, will result in damage to many non-use.

Lead-acid batteries discharge, the positive and negative electrodes on the active substances are converted into lead sulfate PbSO 4, but delays of sulfuric acid micro structure is loose, was cavernous. Then the plates are still in the high energy potential, if the residence time is longer, most would approach the board of crystals of lead sulfate of high potential energy state to a state of low potential energy. At the microeconomic level, is to head PbSO4 Re sulfate crystallization of the initial loose on the left into the right shape to phase plate when the batteries are vulcanized on the state, and indicate the process illustrated in Figure 2. This damage has occurred in the negative, the burden of positive plates produced when the oxygen atom has the ability to PbSO4 in PbO2 lead sulfate, it will not heal the injuries of the positive plate.

Not difficult to understand, the batteries have a longer time on the minimum requirements of state capacity of lead sulfate on the substrate are more cellular damage occurs sulphide. Float electrician normal conditions, batteries will not sulfide.

Laptop battery structure is not complicated, the simple answer is that the batteries with protection circuit, the battery is at the heart of batteries in series or parallel, where one usually sees on the batteries with the generally cylindrical similar to the fifth battery just inside the stored energy of the chemical solution from different manufacturers have designed more current, over voltage, over charge, over discharge, temperature, etc. to protect.

Cellular structure, even if a simple, but really qualified to make a battery is not so simple. A product must first select the batteries, the batteries are often poor internal resistance, voltage, charge and discharge targets difficult to meet demand, to do outside of the product is mixed. Currently several regular-purpose manufacturers Sanyo, Samsung, Toshiba, LG, Bak and other brands of batteries. After storage piles should be tested for their targets and indicators in the 2% difference in the batteries can be combined in series or parallel circuit composed of, if not a target of batteries and other batteries because of very different in the IBM ThinkPad R51 battery charge-discharge process will be expressed in the form of charging or discharging the battery have not yet succeeded, and that person was on battery charge or discharge, resulting in the battery does not work The difference in the long term, larger batteries, or over-charging after discharge, leakage or even an explosion that may arise. Manufacturers of battery test and matching precision instruments and equipment, the computer generally rely on the city known as the professional maintenance staff will be able to complete the multimeter, and they rely on a multimeter can be achieved at best is to check the battery internal resistance within the accuracy required, as actual battery storage, life, load and discharge the effective time, no equipment professional may not detect a real sense can not be matched, said maintenance is also a form, the storage battery maintenance has not increased is not.

Laptop battery life is typically 300 times the total charge and discharge, and half a year or two to replace a new battery, laptop batteries home are not cheap, easy miles, a few friends to spend no so much money to buy laptop Dell Latitude D800 battery replacement while the thought of batteries, which should not be? This security risk it?

At this point, I visited the electronics market, engage in commercial transactions, both second-hand phones, “said the writer who can provide what they call” change of base” maintenance department. In the author in the hands of IBM 600E batteries original equipment, for example, “to the” core costs about 100-300 yuan, and its process is very simple, you come from a welding equipment and technology base can be completed. In keeping laptop battery site, the reporter saw the repair personnel forced the original battery, will the old batteries out, then it is in compliance with the new batteries in place in turn connected to future and the whole process should not exceed 30 minutes. “In fact, most laptop batteries are not rechargeable batteries as a result of aging, as the battery and the control board’s discharge circuit is not evil, this servicing almost 100% Success. “Merchant said:

Maintenance Activity has also revealed that the batteries are currently in circulation in developing countries to purchase large quantities. Repairs inside the hp Pavilion dv4 battery until earlier this year, appeared in large numbers on the local market for electronics, but also very popular. “In the ‘Fast blue’, where the block to buy a new battery at least 1,000 yuan more than the price that many customers are less expensive to come to this for Ben Zhao. ”

I interviewed a number of IBM products is responsible for after-sales service “Blue Express” staff to “change the basic behavior that they have both said that did not know, has not proceed with a complaint from a customer. However, a staff member confirmed that the purchase of a new 600E battery needs to spend about 2,400 yuan, one can say is equivalent to half the price of a mobile home.

For the difference between the price gap, “Blue Express” the head of the Propaganda Department, said, IBM has its own pricing strategy worldwide, the company does not change the permissions, but if you opt to repair the Battery is the freedom of the client. At the same time due to environmental considerations, IBM customers will be given to scrap batteries, commanded by professional companies to focus on destruction, the process takes a lot of money.

Given the “cheap appeasement” of the laptop battery for the central process, professionals advise that the essence of “change” cell there is a security risk.

“Blue Express” the technical staff, told Reporters Without authorization “for the core,” there is a big security risk, some rechargeable batteries without detection of short-circuit even after the bursting phenomenon, ranging from damage to host, while in the explosion, and even life threatening for the user. It’s really unwise to be too expensive, not as good as the batteries of laptop OEM buy. In Indeed, many claimed to be original battery is OEM like Dell’s brother, there are parts that are not OEM? Batteries for laptops OEM manufacturers of batteries are imported actual performance and few differences of origin because it is produced locally (mainly in the south, some manufacturers), low cost and no import tax to pay so much, so only one third the price of imports or less. In addition to the sony VGP-BPS5 battery purposes of basic insecurity, the provision of basic services for businesses and maintaining the level of uneven quality, inside and chat in a company, some Black Hearted providers battery maintenance to earn huge profits, taking the quality of the best moments cells act as a good battery, and worse, the battery inside the controller chip removed, but only one wire connected to, or have already been demolished on the circuit inside the battery some. Tell a serious argument, so that the battery can not think are all very hard.

With the popularity of high frequency switching power supply, valve lead acid batteries have been widely used in the power system. Because of its completely sealed, no need to add water to maintain previously known as “maintenance free” battery. That maintenance “free” is a misleading term, which allows the user to relax on the valve regulated lead daily maintenance of battery acid and management, which reduces Laptop battery capacity and lesions early due to lack of battery capacity, or failure in substations and power generation plant accidents were frequent. Therefore, the proper use and care dimensional lead-acid battery VRLA battery to increase their service life is of great importance.

Affecting a major valve battery life

The normal life valve lead acid batteries for over 10 years, in theory, may be 20 years but in actual use often insufficient capacity, failure or early phenomenon. Affect the life of valve lead acid batteries of many factors, including:

1, the ambient temperature

The battery at 25 ℃ environment, availability of a longer life. Temperature, the battery will exacerbate corrosion of the plates at the same time will consume more water, thus reducing battery life, long term operating temperature if higher than 10 ℃, life is about halfway. Valve lead-acid IBM ThinkPad R51 battery changes in capacity with changes in temperature, 25 ℃ when the battery has a capacity of 100% at above 25 ℃, 10 ℃ for each increase in battery capacity would be halved .

Must be careful to do according to actual temperature changes to streamline construction lead-discharge battery acid present, while a battery compartment of the right to control the temperature kept at 22 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ or less.

2 overload

The long-term overload state, the cathode due to the reaction of oxygen evolution, the water is consumed, H + increase, which increases the acidity and near the cathode, the grid corrosion accelerated, causing thinning of the accelerated corrosion of the grid battery, battery capacity reduced, the same time due to water loss intensified, would have drained the danger of the Dell Inspiron 1501 battery, affecting the battery life.

3, an excessive discharge of

Excessive battery discharge occurred mainly in the AC power outage, the battery time to load. When the battery runs down its on-voltage is too low or zero, this will lead to a large number of sulfuric acid inside the battery lead is adsorbed on the surface of the cathode of battery, resulting in the cathode Battery “sulfate.” Lead sulphate is an insulator, its formation is related to the battery charge and discharge performance, have a tremendous negative impact, and therefore the formation of sulphate in the cathode, the higher the greater the internal resistance of batteries, the battery charge and discharge performance, the worse the shorter the lifespan of the battery.

4, the conditions of low discharge current, the impact of

In the discharge current small formed under the particle size of lead sulfate as the conditions of the large discharge current, the size requirements of mainstream higher than the rate of formation of crystals smaller than current conditions, slow the growth of crystals too late to be oxidized very rapidly reduced, and thus a relatively smaller size, whereas in conditions of low current, a crystal of lead sulfate great can be easily restored. Such that crystals of lead sulfate is not a long-term cleanup, will certainly affect the hp 338794-001 battery capacity and longevity. Therefore, the actual expense of the current battery capacity must be executed under a precise calculation.

5, the unbalanced nature of the impact of charge-discharge

The study results showed: composition of the grid alloy and structure in different parts of the distribution is different, leading to the unbalanced nature of the electrochemical properties grid [2], the imbalance is to turn in the float and the load condition of discharge voltage are different, and will be in charge and discharge cycle, so that this difference is increasing and training the so-called “rear battery (battery failure).” The current domestic standards in a group of toshiba PA3191U-2BRS battery float voltage difference between the largest to be ≤ 50mV, the norm in developed countries are ≤ 20mV, should pay attention to the battery and reduce floating state operating voltage differences.

6, thermal runaway phenomenon

As the use of depleted fluid valve regulated lead acid battery design, the infusion of battery electrolyte are adsorbed on the fiber glass, when the load current increases, it is necessary to leave the gas valve, which causes the loss of farm water resistance by significant volume reduction of the charge and discharge large amounts of heat generated in the process, which propagate the heat that the temperature has been taken too late, they will form a thermal runaway. Thermal runaway causes are not promptly reduced float voltage, lax safety valve or pressure valve is open too low, etc. In severe cases of thermal runaway if the landfill has the potential DIP apple A1008 battery voltage transient and Sustainable Housing battery temperature rose to 70 ℃ ~ 80 ℃, and therefore thermal runaway must be a high level of attention.

7, long-term impact of floating charge

Float charging status of battery in the long term, pricing and not the discharge is required to cause passivation of the anode of the battery flat, so that the battery internal resistance increases, the capacity is severely reduced, resulting a shortened life of the battery.

Second, improve the life of valve lead acid battery of measures

With this purpose the life valve lead-acid batteries of factor analysis to improve the life of valve lead acid batteries, we must do:

1 battery of stringent quality levels. In selecting the battery and the process of procurement, we must fully understand the production process manufacturer, manufacturing process and quality control, as well as specifications and so on, if necessary, require manufacturers to conduct the first in the capacity of experiments to screen a difference smaller IBM ThinkPad T40 battery.

A reasonable choice charger. Since the food was monitored over real time and intelligent management capabilities, allowing the battery sealed in the best condition always work, so use high quality switching power supply as a charging unit. High frequency switching power supply system, adopting modular design, when a module is a failure, should be able to immediately withdraw from the race does not affect the normal operation of other modules, module parts should be able AutoFill that batteries are not due to failures caused by excessive discharge module.