“The batteries, including free” may still remember that after receiving a new toy on the side of the box these words to you poured cold water? Grow up, our high-tech “toys” have become increasingly complex and fascinating. However, they are Laptop battery engine works has not changed.
If so Mody?
Smart Grid (SmartGrids), hybrids, renewable energy, environmental technologies are hot, but behind the scenes, chemists and engineers are working to reduce the environmental impact of the battery. Recent hydroxy-nickel oxide, phosphate-olivine-type lithium iron nano-lines, nickel, lithium battery breakthrough chemistry technology should make tomorrow a variety of digital products, but to give up a lot of problems a long history of alkaline / manganese dioxide batteries AA.
Hydroxy-nickel oxide (NiOOH or NiOx) batteries are available for several years, similar to alkaline batteries, but the nickel anode function to generate a higher voltage (1.7 V, 1.5 V alkaline batteries). NiOx batteries are typically used for high power applications (such as digital cameras or portable gaming products), said to provide the equivalent of twice the duration of alkaline batteries. However, the remote and other light duty applications, NiOx battery life with alkaline batteries fairly.
First, the recent Sony lithium-battery technology of ion variants of marketing. The technology developed by U.S. researchers, using olivine-phosphate lithium-type iron (LiFePO4) as negative. Sony, the new anode material of a resistor is said to minimize the patented combination of particles to reach the design output 3.3V, 1800W/kg power density of the rechargeable battery design, with a long life In 2000 the charge / discharge remained after the initial capacity of 80%. The battery has a capacity for fast charge (30-minute charge 99%), and use to maintain a stable discharge voltage.
The VGP-BPS9A/B battery has been applied to some of Sony’s powerful tools and practical applications received positive feedback.
The first patents LiFePO4 technology JohnGoodenough University of Texas and his team have achieved in 1996. LiFePO4 as an oxide of lithium cobalt solution and structure of lithium manganese oxide such as lithium-ion battery rate discharge is low, short life cycle of a compliance program has been designed.
LiFePO4 material is very stable, scientists think it may be used in consumer applications, from mobile phones and gaming products, rechargeable batteries in electric vehicles and other large applications. (Coming Chevrolet Volt with 220 cell lithium-ion batteries).
LiFePO4 olivine structure allows deformation of the truss structure, smaller than other cells, leading to better discharge process. Therefore, the material life cycle very long, LiFePO4 has shown excellent shelf life. It can tolerate oxidative and acidic environment.
Security in the VGP-BPS9/S battery, the structure of LiFePO4 battery to 300 ° C to 500 ° C, high temperatures can remain stable, can withstand up to 700 ° C. In these extreme temperatures, and a lithium others will crack or even explode.
LiFePO4 fast charge, long life characteristics contribute significantly to protecting the environment. Car-Power LiFePO4 batteries will be used to get a load more in the car, wish to introduce products to compete with car manufacturers Volt may be interested.
Nanowire battery becomes a prospect for a solution
Another promising line of technology of lithium batteries is the nano-batteries to cover the battery stainless steel cathode lithium silicon nanowires to replace the traditional graphite anodes. Silicon can store ten times more lithium than graphite, so that power density has increased significantly. The total mass of the battery to reduce the surface area increased to allow faster load / speed.
The VGP-BPS9/B battery using the cathode surface covered by the line of silicon steel contraction / expansion of output power. Charging process, the silicon-ray absorptiometry in charge of the lithium atoms, the expansion occurred; discharge process, the line of silicon lithium-ion batteries being sucked, the linear shrinkage of silicon.
Under the electron microscope of silicon nanowires in the absorption of lithium before (left) and after (right) pictures. Network was extended to four times the normal volume, there is no damage.
The conventional silicon and simple positive studies, which began over 30 years. Scientists then decided to abandon silicon because this material easier to mobilize when the absorption of the division of lithium, damaged, cathode capacity is low enough to support further research.
Researchers at Stanford University was used to determine the problem stems from the shape of the silicon material.
The current method for a diameter of a thousandth of the thickness of nanowires paper tree. After the nano-size lithium-ray absorptiometry, was extended to four times the state standard, but will not break or damage the cathode of silicon.
Researchers VGP-BPS13/S battery nanowires are looking for an anode material is adapted to match with silicon net charge of positive / discharge capacity, to fully demonstrate the technology of the density of energy storage advances outstanding. Stanford University assistant professor of materials science and engineering, leading the team to develop this technology CRT YiCui, they think that after five years nanowire lithium-ion rechargeable battery technology, can achieve full commercialization.
Several technologies for more than just the start, with in-depth study of the continuation of the battery, electronics, players can expect the battery life is more than a toy’s life that day there.